我觉得这篇总结很好，不知大家有没有后续的文章，贴出来大家共享吧。 高中英语300核心词汇讲解（一） 1．abroad adv. 往国外，到处，海外；（用在from后）异国，海外 My son is still living abroad. 我的儿子仍住在国外。 They usually walk abroad in warm days. 在暖的天气他们通常去户外散步。 The news spread abroad. 消息传得很广。 They just returned from abroad. 他们刚从国外回来。 习惯用语：get / go / travel abroad 到国外去 at home and abroad 在国内外 student studying abroad 留学生 辨析：aboard 相似词形，不同含义。 aboard adv. 在船（飞机、车）上，上船（飞机、车）。 prep.在（船、飞机、车）上，上（船、飞机、车）。 Welcome aboard, sir. 先生，欢迎您乘坐本机。 He has gone aboard. 他已上船[飞机、车]了。 2．admire ut.称赞，钦佩，羡慕，欣赏；崇拜；[美口]想要，喜欢 I’d admire to go. 我很想去。 Everybody admires him for his fine sense of homour. (admire sb. for sth.)人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。 I cannot but admire(her for)her courage. 我不得不佩服她的勇气。 He admired her new hat. 他称赞她的新帽子。 Visitors admire Beijing for its beauty. 观光者赞赏北京的美丽。 拓展：搭配for表示原因的词：praise sb. for sth. 因……表扬某人 Thank sb. for sth.因……感谢某人 Blame sb. for sth.因……责备某人 Apologize to sb. for sth.因……向某人道歉 3．admit ut. (admitted; admitting)让……进入（into / to）；接[容]纳；承认（事实、错误等）。 You must admit the task to be difficult.(+o)你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。 I admit that I was wrong. (+that从句)我承认我错了。 John has admitted breaking the window.(+doing)约翰已承认打碎了窗子。 This ticket admits two people to the football match.这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。 He was admitted to a famous university.(sb. be admitted to+ 学校、组织)他被一所著名的大这录取了。 Admit sb. into the university获准入大学 The auditorium admits 5,000 persons. 这座礼堂可容纳五千人。 辨析：“承认”admit, acknowledge Admit通常指因外界压力、良心或判断而承认某事的存在或真实性，含“不情愿”之意，如： I admit that she is right. 我承认她是对的。 Acknowledge指“分开承认”，常用于过去隐瞒或否认之事，如： With so much evidence against him he had to acknowledge his error. 在这么多的证据面前，他不得不承认错误。 4．affair n.[C]事情，事，事件；事务，业务；事态[pl.]。 How are your affairs going? 你的情况怎么样？ The wedding was a quiet affair. 婚礼是悄悄地进行的。 The premier deals with important affairs of state. 总理处理国家重要事务。 His financial affairs are in bad condition. 他的经济状况很糟。 There was not much harmony in international affairs during those years. 那些年国际事态不很直协调。 习惯用语：Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部 the affairs of State 国事，政务 mind one’s own affairs 少管闲事 settle one’s affairs 安排自己的事 5．afford ut.[常与can, could, be able to连用]担负得起费用（损失、后果等），花费得起，经受得住；抽得出（时间）；给与，提供；出产，发出。 They walked because they couldn’t afford (to take) a taix. 他们因为坐不起计程车而步行。 You can ill afford to criticize others when you behave so badly yourself. 本身行为不正，则不宜批评别人。 You can’t afford 90. 你可不能花90英镑。 I’d love to go on holiday but I can’t afford the time. 我倒想去度假，可是抽不出时间来。 These tress afford a pleasant shade. 这些树提供了荫凉。 Television affords pleasure to many.电视给很多人带来乐趣。 6．Afraid adj.[常作表语]怕，害怕。 Are you afraid of snakes? (be afraid of sth.) 你怕蛇吗？ I didn’t mention it because I was afraid of upsetting him / afraid (that) I might upset him.我没有提起那件事，因为我怕他心烦意乱。 Don’t be afraid to ask for help if you need it. (be afraid to do sth.) 倘若需要帮忙的话，尽管提出来（不必犹豫）。 It seems that she is afraid to tell them about it. 似乎她怕将此事告诉他们。 I’m afraid we can’t come.很抱歉，我们不能来。 “Have you any milk?”“I’m afraid not.”“你有牛奶吗？”“对不起，没有。” I can’t help you, I’m afraid.我帮不了你的忙，对不起。 “Have we missed the train?”“I’m afraid so.”“我们误了火车吗？”“很遗憾，是误 了。” 7．ahead adv.向前地，胜地，在……前面。 He will be ahead of others in English.他在英语方面将超过别人。 By doing extra homework, he soon got ahead of his class-mates.他靠多做家庭作业，很快在班上名列前矛。 China is striding ahead in her economic construction.中国正在经济建设方面在步前进。 Joan ran ahead to film us as we crossed the bridge.我们过桥时，琼跑到前面为我们拍照。 The man on the watch cried out：“Dangers ahead!”守望的人突然大喊：“前面有危险！” 8．Alive adj. 活着的；活的；活着的，在世的，活跃的；热闹的；充满着……的（with）；敏感的；注意到的（to）。 Are your grandparents still alive? 你的祖父母还在世吗？ The city was all alive when he arrived.当他到达时，城里非常热闹。 He was alive to the danger of the work.他非常清楚这项工作的危险。 Many people are still buried alive after the earthquake. (alive adj.作状语)在地震过后，仍有很多人被活生生埋着。 The lake was alive with fish. (be alive with) 湖里满是游来游去的鱼。 辨析：“活的”living, alive, live Living用于生物时（做定语和表语），每时“活着的”，如： Shelly was still living when Keats died. 济慈死时，雪莱还在世。 Alive指“活着的”“在世的”，着重于状态，它用作表语，或状语，如： The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day.特务被活捉，不过第二天便因重伤而死。 Live只用于物（做定语，同lively），指“活的”，如： A live rat 一只活鼠 9．Allow u.允许，准许 You are not allowed to smoke here. (allow sb. to do sth.)这里不放吸烟。 The patient was allowed up after 10 days. 病人十天以后才允许起来（准予离床下地）。 It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. (allow for考虑到……)把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。 He allowed that I had the right to appeal.他同意我有权上诉。 She won’t allow the children in (to the house) until they’ve wiped their shoes. 孩子们不把鞋擦干净，她就不让他们进（屋）。 拓展：可以用v.+doing和vt.+sb. to do的动词有： Allow / permit/ forbid。如： The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。 Their father forbade them to go. 他们的父母禁止他们去。 10．Almost adv.几乎，差不多 She said almost nothing.她几乎什么都没说。 Almost anything will do.几乎什么都行。 It’s almost time to go.差不多是该走的时候了。 She fell and almost / nearly broke her neck.她跌倒了，险些跌断了脖子。 He’s almost / nearly six feet tall. 他差不多有六英尺高。 辨析：almost, nearly (1)修饰数词和动词时可以互换。 (2)almost可以修饰否定意义的词，而nearly不可。如： We aren’t nearly ready for the inspection.对检查一事，我们还远未准备好。 Almost nothing is ready for the inspection.对检查一事，几乎什么都没准备。 11．alone adj. 单独的，仅仅adv.单独地 I was alone in the classroom.我独自在教室里。 She lives all alone in that large house. 她独自一人住在那所大房子。 The key alone will open the door.只有这把钥匙能开这个门。 She raised her family quite alone.她独立养家。 I’ve told you before leave my things alone! (leave…alone)我早已告诉过你——不要动我的东西！ I haven’t decided on the menu yet, let alone bought the food.我还没决定吃什么菜呢，更不必说买好了。 辨析：“孤独的”alone, lonely Alone指“独自一人的[只作表语]”，如： Home Alone 独自在家/ 小鬼当家 / 宝贝智多星 Lonely指“孤单的”“孤独的”，如： He doesn’t feel lonely when he is left alone. 在只剩下他一个的时候，他并不感到孤独。 记忆方法：Though he lives in a lonely village alone, he doesn’t feel lonely.虽然他一个人住在一信偏僻的村子里，他不感到孤独。